Volcano: Stages,Volcanic eruptions and Types

In this post we saw about Volcanoes... 

A volcano is a landform (typically a mountain) where molten rock erupts from the planet's surface. There are numerous active volcanoes all around the world. We will study about the definition, formation, and types of volcanoes in this post.

What Exactly Are Volcanoes?

A volcano is a landform, a mountain, where molten rocks erupt from the planet's surface. The volcano mountain descends to a lake of molten rocks beneath the earth's surface.

Volcanic eruptions

The surface eruption of magma from the earth's upper mantle creates a volcano mountain. The magma that explodes to the surface, forming a lava flow and depositing ash. As the volcano erupts further, a new layer of lava is deposited to the surface, eventually becoming a mountain.

Volcanoes in Various Stages

They are typically conical, but there are a range of shapes based on:

The material's nature erupted.

The nature of the eruption

The amount of change that has occurred since the eruption

Volcanoes are divided into three categories:

Active Volcanoes:

 A volcano is categorised as an active volcano if it is projected to erupt or is currently erupting.

Dormant Volcanoes:

 A volcano classified as dormant is one that is not erupting or is not expected to erupt in the near future.

Extinct Volcanoes:

 An extinct volcano is one that no one believes will erupt again.

The Factors Contributing to Volcano Eruption

The eruption of a volcano begins with the creation of magma in the earth's crust. The earth's crust is composed of enormous slabs known as plates that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are caused by plate movement friction.

These are classified into four types:

●Volcanoes made of cinder cones

●Volcanoes that form a shield

●Volcanoes formed by lava

Cinder Cone Volcanoes

Cinder cones are the most basic type of volcano. They form when lava particles and blobs are released from a volcanic vent. The lava is violently thrown into the air, and fragments fall around the vent. This eventually forms a circular or oval-shaped cone with a bowl-shaped crater at the top. Cinder cone volcanoes rarely reach heights greater than 1,000 feet above their surroundings.

Composite Volcanoes

Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are some of the most majestic mountains on the planet. They are usually enormous symmetrical cones made of alternating layers of lava flows, steep-sided volcanic ash, boulders, bombs, and cinders.

Shield Volcanoes

A shield volcano is a type of volcano that is usually made up of fluid lava flows. They are developed horizontally and have extremely moderate slopes. Shield volcanoes are formed by effusive eruptions that spread out in all directions. They nearly never have violent eruptions, but simply flowing lava.

Lava Domes

The fourth form of volcano that we will discuss is lava domes. Lava domes are much smaller than composite and shield volcanoes. They occur when lava becomes too viscous to flow a long distance. The outside surface of the lava dome cools and hardens as the lava continues to accumulate within. Internal pressure can eventually shatter the exterior shell, resulting in loose shards.

Follow for more informations.. 

By Kavitha..😇